Sitasiyo yo kongeramo lisansi ya Hydrogen
Sisitemu ya UPS ikora igihe kirekire
Uruganda rw'ibinyabutabire ruhujwe
Ibikoresho by'ibanze
Udushya, gukurura no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gukora ingufu za hydrogen -- inyigo ya Ally Hi-Tech
Ihuza ry'umwimerere:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/--dP1UU_LS4zg3ELdHr-Sw
Icyitonderwa cy'umwanditsi: Iyi ni inkuru yasohotse bwa mbere na konti yemewe ya Wechat: China Thinktank
Ku ya 23 Werurwe, Komisiyo y’Iterambere n’Ivugurura ry’Igihugu n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu mu Bushinwa bashyize ahagaragara gahunda y’igihe giciriritse n’igihe kirekire yo guteza imbere inganda z’ingufu za hydrogen (2021-2035) (izitwa gahunda), yasobanuye imiterere y’ingufu za hydrogen kandi ivuga ko ingufu za hydrogen ari igice cy’ingenzi cy’urwego rw’ingufu z’igihugu rw’ejo hazaza n’icyerekezo cy’ingenzi cy’inganda nshya. Imodoka ya lisansi ni yo ishami rikuru mu ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za hydrogen kandi ni intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry’inganda mu Bushinwa.
Mu 2021, biturutse ku iyubahirizwa rya politiki y’igihugu y’ibimodoka bitwara lisansi n’ikoreshwa ryabyo, imijyi itanu ya Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hebei na Henan yatangijwe ku mugaragaro, iyubahirizwa ryagutse ry’ibimodoka bitwara lisansi 10000 ryatangiye gutangizwa, kandi iterambere ry’inganda zikora ingufu za hydrogen rishingiye ku iyubahirizwa ry’ibimodoka bitwara lisansi n’ikoreshwa ryabyo ryashyizwe mu bikorwa.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, habayeho iterambere mu ikoreshwa n'ubushakashatsi ku ngufu za hydrogen mu nzego zitari iz'ubwikorezi nk'ibyuma, inganda zikora imiti n'ubwubatsi. Mu gihe kizaza, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za hydrogen mu buryo butandukanye kandi butandukanye rizazana icyifuzo kinini cya hydrogen. Nk'uko byahanuwe n'Umuryango w'Ubushinwa wa Hydrogen Energy Alliance, mu 2030, icyifuzo cy'Ubushinwa cya hydrogen kizagera kuri toni miliyoni 35, naho ingufu za hydrogen zizaba nibura 5% by'ingufu z'ingufu z'ingufu z'ingufu z'ingufu z'ingufu; Mu 2050, icyifuzo cya hydrogen kizaba hafi toni miliyoni 60, ingufu za hydrogen zisaga 10% by'ingufu z ...
Mu rwego rw'iterambere ry'inganda, inganda z'ingufu za hydrogen mu Bushinwa ziracyari mu ntangiriro z'iterambere. Mu ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za hydrogen, kwerekana no kwamamaza, ubwinshi bw'ingufu za hydrogen n'igiciro kinini cya hydrogen mu ngufu byagiye biba ikibazo kigoye kibangamira iterambere ry'inganda z'ingufu za hydrogen mu Bushinwa. Nk'ihuriro ry'ingenzi ry'ingufu za hydrogen, ibibazo by'igiciro kinini cyahoze ari uruganda ndetse n'ikiguzi kinini cyo kubika no gutwara hydrogen mu modoka biracyagaragara.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Ubushinwa bukeneye kwihutisha udushya, kwamamaza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rihendutse ryo gukora hydrogen, kunoza ubukungu bw'ikoreshwa ry'ibishushanyo mbonera, kugabanya ikiguzi cy'ingufu za hydrogen, gushyigikira ikoreshwa rinini ry'ibishushanyo mbonera by'imodoka zitwara lisansi, hanyuma bigateza imbere inganda zose zikora ingufu za hydrogen.
Igiciro cyo hejuru cya Hydrogen ni ikibazo gikomeye mu iterambere ry'inganda z'ingufu za Hydrogen mu Bushinwa
Ubushinwa ni igihugu kinini gitanga hydrogen. Umusaruro wa hydrogen ukwirakwizwa mu nganda zikora peteroli, imiti, coking n'izindi nganda. Hydrogen nyinshi ikorwa ikoreshwa nk'ibicuruzwa biciriritse mu gutunganya peteroli, ammonia ikoze mu nganda, methanol n'ibindi bicuruzwa bya shimi. Dukurikije imibare ya China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, umusaruro wa hydrogen mu Bushinwa ubu ni toni miliyoni 33, ahanini uva mu makara, gazi karemano n'izindi ngufu za kera ndetse no gutunganya gazi zikomoka ku nganda. Muri byo, umusaruro wa hydrogen uva mu makara ni toni miliyoni 21.34, zingana na 63.5%. Hagakurikiraho umusaruro wa hydrogen na gazi karemano mu nganda, aho umusaruro wa toni miliyoni 7.08 na toni miliyoni 4.6. Umusaruro wa hydrogen ukoresheje electrolysis y'amazi ni muto, toni zigera kuri 500000.
Nubwo inzira yo gukora hydrogen mu nganda imaze igihe kinini, uruhererekane rw'inganda rurarangiye kandi kugura hydrogen byoroshye, gutanga ingufu za hydrogen biracyafite imbogamizi zikomeye. Ikiguzi cyo hejuru cy'ibikoresho fatizo n'ikiguzi cyo gutwara hydrogen bituma hydrogen izamuka. Kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga ry'ingufu za hydrogen rirusheho gukwirakwira no gukoreshwa, icy'ingenzi ni ukunyura mu mbogamizi z'ikiguzi cyo kugura hydrogen n'ikiguzi cyo gutwara. Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gukora hydrogen, ikiguzi cyo gukora hydrogen mu makara ni gito, ariko urwego rw'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ruri hejuru. Ikiguzi cyo gukoresha ingufu za hydrogen mu gukora electrolysis y'amazi mu nganda nini ni kinini.
Nubwo amashanyarazi ari make, ikiguzi cyo gukora hydrogen kirenga 20 yuan / kg. Igiciro gito n'igipimo gito cy'ibyuka bya hydrogen biva ku kureka ingufu zisubira ni icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cyo kubona hydrogen mu gihe kizaza. Kuri ubu, ikoranabuhanga rigenda rikura buhoro buhoro, ariko aho riboneka ni kure cyane, ikiguzi cyo gutwara ni kinini cyane, kandi nta ngaruka zo kwamamaza no gukoresha. Ukurikije imiterere y'ikiguzi cya hydrogen, 30 ~ 45% by'igiciro cy'ingufu hydrogen ni ikiguzi cyo gutwara no kuzuza hydrogen. Ikoranabuhanga risanzweho ryo gutwara hydrogen rishingiye kuri hydrogen ifite umuvuduko mwinshi w'amashanyarazi rifite ingano nto y'ubwikorezi bw'imodoka imwe, agaciro gake k'ubwikorezi bw'intambwe ndende, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika no gutwara hydrogen mu buryo buhamye n'amazi ntabwo rimaze gukura. Gutanga hydrogen muri sitasiyo yo kongeramo hydrogen ni yo nzira nyamukuru.
Mu miterere y’imicungire iriho ubu, hydrogen iracyari ku rutonde rw’imiti ihumanya ikirere. Umusaruro munini wa hydrogen mu nganda ugomba kwinjira mu isoko ry’inganda zikora imiti. Umusaruro munini wa hydrogen ntuhuye n’ikenerwa rya hydrogen ku modoka zikoresha hydrogen, bigatuma ibiciro bya hydrogen biri hejuru. Ikoranabuhanga rya hydrogen rihuriweho cyane n’ikoreshwa ry’amavuta rirakenewe byihutirwa kugira ngo hagerwe ku iterambere. Igiciro cy’umusaruro wa hydrogen mu nganda karemano kirakwiye, gishobora gutanga umusaruro munini kandi uhamye. Kubwibyo, mu turere dufite gazi karemano nyinshi, ikigo gihuriweho cyo gukora hydrogen no kongeramo lisansi gishingiye kuri gazi karemano ni uburyo bushoboka bwo gutanga hydrogen kandi ni inzira ifatika yo guteza imbere sitasiyo yo kongeramo hydrogen kugira ngo kugabanya ikiguzi no gukemura ikibazo gikomeye cyo kongeramo lisansi mu turere tumwe na tumwe. Kuri ubu, hari sitasiyo zigera kuri 237 zikora hydrogen zihuriweho n’abazungurutse ku isi, zigize hafi 1/3 cy’umubare wose wa sitasiyo zo hanze zishyiramo hydrogen. Muri zo, Ubuyapani, Uburayi, Amerika ya Ruguru n’utundi turere dukoresha uburyo bwo gukora hydrogen no kongeramo lisansi muri sitasiyo. Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'imbere mu gihugu, Foshan, Weifang, Datong, Zhangjiakou n'ahandi batangiye gusuzuma uburyo bwo kubaka no gukoresha sitasiyo zikora lisansi za hydrogen. Bishobora kuvugwa ko nyuma y'iterambere rya politiki n'amabwiriza agenga imicungire ya hydrogen n'ikorwa rya hydrogen, sitasiyo ikora lisansi ya hydrogen izaba amahitamo nyayo yo gukoresha mu bucuruzi sitasiyo ikora lisansi ya hydrogen.
Ubunararibonye mu guhanga udushya, gukurura no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora inzoga ya hydrogen rya Ally Hi-Tech
Nk'ikigo gikomeye mu bijyanye no gukora hydrogen mu Bushinwa, Ally Hi-Tech yibanda ku bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibisubizo bishya by'ingufu n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukora hydrogen kuva yashingwa mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga 20. Mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rito ryo gukora hydrogen mu buryo bwa gazi karemano, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen mu buryo bwa catalytic oxidation methanol, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen mu buryo bwa electrolysis y'amazi ashyushye cyane, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen mu buryo bwa ammonia, ikoranabuhanga rito rya amoniya mu buryo bwa sintetike, converter nini ya methanol, uburyo bwo gukora hydrogen na hydrogenation, ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya hydrogen mu buryo bw'icyerekezo cy'imodoka, hakozwe byinshi mu nzego za tekiniki zigezweho nk'izi zavuzwe haruguru.
Komeza guteza imbere udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu ikorwa rya hydrogen.
Ally Hi-Tech ihora ifata umusaruro wa hydrogen nk'ishingiro ry'ubucuruzi bwayo, kandi ikomeje gukora udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu gutunganya hydrogen nko guhindura methanol, kuvugurura gazi karemano no gutunganya hydrogen mu cyerekezo cya PSA. Muri byo, ibikoresho bimwe bya hydrogen byakozwe kandi bigakorwa ku giti cyabyo n'iyi sosiyete bifite ubushobozi bwo gukora hydrogen ya 20000 Nm³/h. Umuvuduko ntarengwa ugera kuri 3.3Mpa, ukagera ku rwego mpuzamahanga, hamwe n'ibyiza byo gukoresha ingufu nke, umutekano n'ubwizerwe, uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora, kutitaweho n'ibindi; iyi sosiyete yagize iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya hydrogen mu kuvugurura gazi karemano (uburyo bwa SMR).
Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvugurura ubushyuhe ryarakoreshejwe, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora hydrogen mu bikoresho bimwe bugera kuri 30000Nm³/h. Umuvuduko ntarengwa ushobora kugera kuri 3.0MPa, ikiguzi cy'ishoramari kiragabanuka cyane, kandi ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za gazi karemano rigabanukaho 33%; Ku bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya hydrogen mu buryo bw'umuvuduko (PSA), ikigo cyateguye ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryo gutunganya hydrogen, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora hydrogen mu bikoresho bimwe ni 100000 Nm³/h. Umuvuduko ntarengwa ni 5.0MPa. Ifite imiterere yo gukora ikoranabuhanga ryo hejuru, gukora byoroshye, ibidukikije byiza no kumara igihe kirekire. Yakoreshejwe cyane mu bijyanye no gutandukanya gazi mu nganda.
Igishushanyo cya 1: Ibikoresho byo gukora H2 byashyizweho na Ally Hi-Tech
Hibanzwe ku iterambere no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa by’ingufu za hydrogen.
Mu gihe ikora udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa, Ally Hi-Tech yitaye ku kwagura iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa mu rwego rw'uturemangingo twa hydrogen, iteza imbere ubushakashatsi n'iterambere n'ikoreshwa rya catalysts, adsorbents, valves zo kugenzura, ibikoresho bito byo gukora hydrogen hamwe na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ya hydrogen imara igihe kirekire, kandi iteza imbere cyane ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho bya hydrogene hamwe na hydrogenation station. Mu bijyanye no kwamamaza ibicuruzwa, impamyabumenyi y'umwuga ya Ally Hi-Tech engineering design ni yose. Yiyemeje gutanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi by'ingufu za hydrogen imwe, kandi ikoreshwa ry'isoko ry'ibicuruzwa riratezwa imbere vuba.
Habayeho iterambere mu ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo gukora imyuka ya hydrogen.
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho birenga 620 byo gukora hydrogen no gutunganya hydrogen byubatswe na Ally Hi-Tech. Muri byo, Ally Hi-Tech yateje imbere ibikoresho birenga 300 byo gukora hydrogen ya methanol, ibikoresho birenga 100 byo gukora hydrogen ya gaze karemano n'ibikoresho birenga 130 by'umushinga munini wa PSA, kandi yakoze imishinga myinshi yo gukora hydrogen ku ngingo z'igihugu.
Ally Hi-Tech yakoranye n'amasosiyete azwi cyane mu gihugu no mu mahanga, nka Sinopec, PetroChina, Zhongtai Chemical, Plug Power Inc. Amerika, Air Liquid France, Linde Germany, Praxair America, Iwatani Japan, BP n'ibindi. Ni imwe mu masosiyete yuzuye atanga serivisi z'ibikoresho ifite ibikoresho byinshi ku isi bitanga ibikoresho bito n'ibiciriritse bya hydrogen. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bya hydrogen bya Ally Hi-Tech byoherejwe mu bihugu 16 n'uturere nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo, Ubuhinde, Maleziya, Filipine, Pakisitani, Miyanimari, Tayilande na Afurika y'Epfo. Mu 2019, ibikoresho bya hydrogen byo mu cyiciro cya gatatu bya Ally Hi-Tech byoherejwe muri American Plug Power Inc., byakozwe kandi bikorerwa hakurikijwe amahame y'Amerika, bituma ibikoresho byo mu Bushinwa bikorerwa hydrogen byoherezwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Ishusho ya 2. Ibikoresho bya hydrogene na hydrogenation byashyizwe mu bikorwa na Ally Hi-Tech byoherejwe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika
Kubaka itsinda rya mbere ry’umusaruro wa hydrogen na hydrogenation.
Bitewe n'ibibazo bifatika by'amasoko adahamye n'ibiciro biri hejuru bya hydrogen mu ngufu, Ally High-Tech yiyemeje guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukora hydrogen, no gukoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo gutanga methanol, imiyoboro ya gazi karemano, sitasiyo za CNG na LNG mu kongera kubaka no kwagura sitasiyo ihuriweho yo gukora no kongeramo gazi. Muri Nzeri 2021, sitasiyo ya mbere yo gukora gazi karemano ihuriweho mu gihugu ihuriweho na hydrogenation hakurikijwe amasezerano rusange ya Ally Hi-Tech yashyizwe mu bikorwa muri sitasiyo ya hydrogenation ya Foshan gaz Nanzhuang.
Iyi sitasiyo yakozwe ifite itsinda rimwe rya 1000kg / ku munsi rikora hydrogene ihindura gaze karemano n'itsinda rimwe rya 100kg / ku munsi rikora hydrogene ikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza hydrogene hanze ya 1000kg / ku munsi. Ni sitasiyo isanzwe ya hydrogene ikoreshwa n' "hydrogène production + compression + storage + filling" ikoreshwa n'ikoranabuhanga rya hydrogene rikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza hydrogene mu buryo butangiza ibidukikije n'ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'icyerekezo mu nganda, rituma hydrogene ikorwa neza ku kigero cya 3% kandi rigagabanya ingufu zikoreshwa n'umusaruro wa hydrogene. Iyi sitasiyo ifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza hydrogene cyane, ubuso buto bw'ubutaka n'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza hydrogene.
Ikorwa rya hydrogen muri sitasiyo rigabanya uburyo bwo gutwara hydrogen hamwe n'ikiguzi cyo kubika no gutwara hydrogen, ibyo bikaba bigabanya mu buryo butaziguye ikiguzi cyo gukoresha hydrogen. Sitasiyo yabugenewe urubuga rwo hanze, rushobora kuzuza terefone ndende kandi rugakoreshwa nk'urubuga rukuru rwo gutanga isoko rya hydrogen ku sitasiyo za hydrogenation zikikije, rugakora sitasiyo y'akarere y'ihuza hydrogenation. Byongeye kandi, iyi sitasiyo y'ihuza hydrogen na hydrogenation ishobora kongera kubakwa no kwagurwa hashingiwe ku buryo busanzwe bwo gukwirakwiza methanol, umuyoboro w'imiyoboro ya gazi karemano n'ibindi bikoresho, ndetse na sitasiyo za gazi na sitasiyo za CNG na LNG, byoroshye kwamamaza no gushyira mu bikorwa.
Igishushanyo cya 3: Sitasiyo ihuriweho yo gukora imashini ya hydrogene n'iya hydrogene i Nanzhuang, Foshan, Guangdong
Ayobora mu buryo bufatika udushya mu nganda, kwamamaza no gukoresha ndetse no guhanahana amakuru n'ubufatanye mpuzamahanga.
Nk'ikigo cy'ingenzi gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihanitse cya Gahunda y'Igihugu y'Imurika, ikigo gishya cyo kwerekana ubukungu mu Ntara ya Sichuan n'ikigo gishya cyihariye kandi cyihariye mu Ntara ya Sichuan, Ally Hi-Tech iyoboye udushya mu nganda kandi iteza imbere ubuhahirane mpuzamahanga n'ubufatanye. Kuva mu 2005, Ally Hi-Tech yagiye itanga ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho mu mishinga minini y'igihugu ya 863 ya lisansi - sitasiyo yo kongeramo lisansi ya hydrogen ya Shanghai Anting, sitasiyo yo kongeramo lisansi ya hydrogen ya Beijing na sitasiyo yo kongeramo hydrogen ya Shanghai World Expo, kandi itanga imishinga yose ya sitasiyo yo gutunganya hydrogen y'ikigo cyo mu Bushinwa cyo gutangiza ikirere ku rwego rwo hejuru.
Nk'umwe mu bagize Komite y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Gupima Ingufu za Hydrogen, Ally Hi-Tech yagize uruhare runini mu kubaka sisitemu y'ingufu za hydrogen mu gihugu no mu mahanga, yayoboye igikorwa cyo gutegura igipimo cy'ingufu za hydrogen kimwe cy'igihugu, kandi yagize uruhare mu gushyiraho ibipimo birindwi by'igihugu n'igipimo mpuzamahanga kimwe. Muri icyo gihe, Ally Hi-Tech yateje imbere cyane ihanahana ry'amakuru mpuzamahanga n'ubufatanye, yashinze Chengchuan Technology Co., Ltd. mu Buyapani, yateje imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gukora hydrogen, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora SOFC hamwe n'ibindi bicuruzwa bifitanye isano, kandi yakoranye ubufatanye n'amasosiyete yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu Budage no mu Buyapani mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gukora hydrogen mu buryo bwa electrolysis y'amazi n'ikoranabuhanga rito rya amoniya. Ifite patenti 45 ziturutse mu Bushinwa, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, Ally Hi-Tech ni ikigo gisanzwe gishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga kandi gishora imari mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
Igitekerezo cya politiki
Dukurikije isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru, rishingiye ku guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen, Ally Hi-Tech yagize iterambere mu iterambere ry’ibikoresho byo gukora hydrogen, guteza imbere no gukoresha ibikoresho byo gukora hydrogen, kubaka no gukoresha sitasiyo ihuriweho yo gukora hydrogen no kongeramo lisansi, ibi bikaba bifite akamaro kanini mu buhanga bwigenga bw’Ubushinwa mu guhanga ingufu za hydrogen no kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za hydrogen. Kugira ngo twizere kandi tunoze itangwa ry’ingufu za hydrogen, twihutishe iyubakwa ry’umuyoboro w’ingufu za hydrogen utekanye, uhamye kandi utanga umusaruro no kubaka sisitemu yo gukora hydrogen isuku, ikoresha karubone nke kandi ihendutse, Ubushinwa bukeneye kongera imbaraga mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa, guca ku nzitizi za politiki n’amabwiriza, no gushishikariza ibikoresho bishya n’uburyo bifite ubushobozi bwo kugurisha kugerageza mbere na mbere. Mu kunoza politiki zishyigikira no kunoza ibidukikije by’inganda, tuzafasha inganda z’ingufu za hydrogen mu Bushinwa gutera imbere mu bwiza kandi dushyigikire cyane impinduka mu buryo bw’ibidukikije mu ngufu.
Kunoza gahunda ya politiki y'inganda zikora ingufu za hydrogen.
Kuri ubu, "ingamba zo gushyiraho no gushyigikira politiki z’inganda zikora ingufu za hydrogen" zaratanzwe, ariko icyerekezo cyihariye cy’iterambere ry’inganda zikora ingufu za hydrogen ntikirasobanurwa. Kugira ngo haveho inzitizi z’inzego n’imbogamizi za politiki zijyanye n’iterambere ry’inganda, Ubushinwa bugomba gushimangira udushya muri politiki, gushyiraho amahame atunganye yo gucunga ingufu za hydrogen, gusobanura inzira z’imicungire n’inzego zishinzwe gutegura, kubika, gutwara no kuzuza, no gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano z’ishami rishinzwe kugenzura umutekano. Gukurikiza icyitegererezo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ibyerekanwa bigamije iterambere ry’inganda, no guteza imbere byuzuye iterambere ry’ibyerekanwa ry’ingufu za hydrogen mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu, kubika ingufu, ingufu zikwirakwizwa n’ibindi.
Hubaka uburyo bwo gutanga ingufu za hydrogen hakurikijwe imiterere y'aho hantu.
Inzego z'ibanze zigomba gusuzuma mu buryo burambuye ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingufu za hydrogen, ishingiro ry'inganda n'aho isoko riherereye mu karere, hashingiwe ku byiza by'umutungo uhari n'ushoboka, guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gukora hydrogen hakurikijwe imiterere y'aho hantu, gukora iyubakwa ry'ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingufu za hydrogen, gushyira imbere ikoreshwa rya hydrogen ikomoka ku bikomoka ku nganda, no kwibanda ku iterambere ry'umusaruro wa hydrogen ukomoka ku ngufu zishobora kuvugururwa. Gushishikariza uturere twujuje ibisabwa gukorana binyuze mu nzira nyinshi kugira ngo twubake sisitemu yo gutanga ingufu za hydrogen nke, yizewe, ihamye kandi ifite ubukungu mu gace runaka kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe mu masoko manini ya hydrogen.
Kongera udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu gukora ibikoresho bya hydrogen.
Kwibanda ku guteza imbere ubushakashatsi n'iterambere, inganda n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu gutunganya imyuka ya hydrogen no kuyitunganya, no kubaka uburyo bwiza bwo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ku bikoresho by'ingufu za hydrogen binyuze mu kwishingikiriza ku bigo byunguka mu ruhererekane rw'inganda. Gushyigikira ibigo bikomeye mu bijyanye no gukora imyuka ya hydrogen kugira ngo bifate iya mbere, gushyiraho urubuga rw'udushya nk'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mu nganda, ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mu by'ubuhanga, ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga n'ikigo cy'udushya mu nganda, gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho bishya mu nganda, gushyigikira ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse "byihariye kandi byihariye" kugira ngo bigire uruhare mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rihuriweho ry'ibikoresho bikorerwa imyuka ya hydrogen, no guteza imbere ibigo byinshi by'ingenzi bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze.
Kongera imbaraga mu gushyigikira politiki yo gukora imashini zikora imyuka ya hydrogen n'iy'imyuka ya hydrogen.
Gahunda igaragaza ko kugira ngo dusuzume uburyo bushya nka sitasiyo za hydrogen zihuza ikorwa rya hydrogen, ububiko na hydrogenation muri sitasiyo, tugomba guca ku nzitizi za politiki ku iyubakwa rya sitasiyo zihujwe kuva mu mizi. Tanga itegeko ry'igihugu ry'ingufu vuba bishoboka kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y'ingufu za hydrogen uhereye ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ca ku nzitizi ku iyubakwa rya sitasiyo zihujwe, guteza imbere sitasiyo zihujwe za hydrogen na hydrogenation, kandi dukore igerageza ry'iyubakwa n'imikorere ya sitasiyo zihujwe mu turere twateye imbere mu bukungu dufite umutungo kamere ukura. Gutanga inkunga y'imari yo kubaka no gukoresha sitasiyo zihujwe zujuje ibisabwa n'amahame agenga ubukungu n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, gushyigikira ibigo bikomeye bireba gusaba ibigo "byihariye kandi bishya" by'igihugu, no kunoza imiterere ya tekiniki n'amahame agenga umutekano wa sitasiyo zihujwe za hydrogen na hydrogenation.
Gukora imurikabikorwa no kwamamaza mu buryo bufatika uburyo bushya bw'ubucuruzi.
Gushishikariza udushya mu buryo bw'ubucuruzi mu buryo bwo gukora imashini zitanga ingufu za hydrogen, hydrogen n'amashanyarazi, no guhuza imikorere ya "hydrogen, imodoka na sitasiyo". Mu turere dufite umubare munini w'imodoka zitanga lisansi kandi zitanga ingufu nyinshi za hydrogen, tuzasuzuma sitasiyo zitanga ingufu za hydrogen n'imashini zitanga hydrogen, kandi dushishikarize uturere dufite ibiciro byiza bya gazi karemano n'imikorere y'imodoka zitanga hydrogen. Mu turere dufite umuyaga mwinshi n'ingufu z'amazi n'ingufu za hydrogen, twubake sitasiyo zitanga ingufu za hydrogen n'imashini zitanga hydrogen n'imashini zitanga hydrogen n'imashini zitanga ingufu zisubira, twongere buhoro buhoro urwego rw'imashini zitanga, dukore ubunararibonye bushobora gukopwa no gukururwa, kandi twihutishe kugabanya karuboni n'ikiguzi cy'ingufu za hydrogen.
(Umwanditsi: itsinda ry’abashakashatsi mu nganda z’ejo hazaza rya Beijing Yiwei Zhiyuan Information Consulting Center)
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 29 Nzeri 2022
